June 2008

Wednesday, June 4, 2008

Clear Record History Direct Tv

The structure of directories in GNU-Linux ifconfig

When one draws close for the first time in GNU-Linux and a "peek" out of their "directory" or "folder" user (which is located inside the / home), you are faced with a "forest" of directories (or folders) often incomprehensible names and hiding who knows what mysteries "........

This explanation, which comes directly from the wikipedia page on 'argument, there should be some clear ideas about the function of all the directories and why many of those are not accessible to "normal users" (which most geeks Abusive call "utonti"!)

.

Directory Structure on Unix-Linux
(Filesystem Hierarchy Standard)

Directory ............. Description

/ bin / .................... binaries for all users (eg, cat, ls, cp)
/ boot / .................. File Boot loader (eg, kernel, initrd)
/ dev / ................... File device (devices) (eg, / dev / null)
/ etc / .................... File System Configuration (from et cetera)
/ etc / opt / .............. configuration file / opt /
/ etc/X11 / ............. configuration file of the X Window System, Version 11
/ Etc / sgml / ............ Configuration files for SGML.
/ etc / xml / .............. Configuration files for XML.
/ home / ................ Folders contain personal information.
/ lib / ..................... Libraries essential for the binaries in / bin / and / sbin /
/ mnt / ................... temporarily mounted filesystem (obsolete in many distros).
/ media / ................ mounting locations of CD-ROMs and other devices (USB memory stick, etc.).
/ opt / .................... Packages static software.
/ proc / .................. virtual filesystem that shows status information about the kernel and active processes, mainly contain text files (eg, uptime, network)
/ root / ....... ........... Directory / home / user root.
/ sbin / .................. Executables for system administration (eg, init, route, ifup (system binaries)
/ tmp / .................. Temporary files.
/ srv / ................... specific data provided by the system (served).
/ usr / ................... Secondary hierarchy for data read-only and sharable (unix system resources). This directory was created to be shared between the host and not must contain specific data.
/ usr / bin / .............. As the / bin /.
/ usr / include / ......... File Header (by "embedding").
/ usr / lib / ................ As the directory / lib /.
/ usr / sbin / ............. As the folder / Sbin /.
/ usr / share / .......... data (shared) architecture independent.
/ usr / src / .............. source code (source code).
/ usr/X11R7 / ........ X Window System Version 11 * R * * 7 *. Elease
/ usr / local / ........... Third hierarchy for local data, specific to "this" host. Moreover,
rather confusingly, / usr / local is the location for packages that do not are part of the distribution, such as packages that are compiled and installed from source.
/ var / ................... File Variables such as database logs, web sites, temporary files and e-mail.
.

http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filesystem_Hierarchy_Standard

Tuesday, June 3, 2008

Where Does Phlegm Sit In Your Throat

ifconfig-a command shell that allows you to configure and view the settings of the card / and network.
-The command syntax is:
ifconfig [interface] address

options - Options: Some of the options we can go to the command are:-a

Show all interfaces network with its features, even if they are set down (inactive)
-s Shows a short list
-v verbose mode, it also indicates if there are errors
-up Enable network interface
an Off-down '
-network interface netmask 'address' Sets the address of the netmask
-broadcast 'address' Set the broadcast address

Examples: If you want to see the network setup data after the previous command, just give the command: ifconfig

we as output:

eth0 Link encap: Ethernet HWaddr 00:18: DE: 74:11:4 B
inet addr: 192.168.0.79 Bcast: 192.168.0.255 Mask: 255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST
MTU: 1500 Metric:
1 RX packets: 0 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 frame: 0 TX packets
: 0 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 carrier: 0
collisions: 0 txqueuelen: 1000 RX bytes
: 0 (0.0 b ) TX bytes: 0 (0.0 b)
Interrupt: 16 Base address: 0xC000 Memory: b0200000-b0200fff
lo Link encap: Local Loopback inet addr
: 127.0.0.1 Mask: 255.0.0.0 inet6 addr
::: 1 / 128 Scope: Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING
MTU: 16436 Metric: 1 RX packets
: 0 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 frame: 0
TX packets: 0 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 carrier: 0
collisions: 0 txqueuelen: 0 RX bytes
: 0 (0.0 b) TX bytes: 0 (0.0 b)

it * is * a ' logical interface, called Loopback * *. It must always be active, even if the computer is not connected to the network. For more information go to * man.

It can be seen also as the command it shows the various interface specifications, such as the IP address associated with them (written in the line inet addr:), it was the same (next line) and a host of other terms and policies which details can be found in the manual page of command.

If we want to configure our NIC eth0 * *. The card is off, we want to enable, set the IP address, netmask and broadcast. We give the following command: ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.79

netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255 up

http://linuxpedia.netsons.org/index.php/Ifconfig

How Long Can I Keep My Cake Mate Icing

packages? Programs?

I was asked recently to do some sort of presentation to the linux-gnu "total beginners", this has resulted in a presentation in a few points that I used to do an overview of this fantastic world of 'open source and Gnu- Linux in particular, the notes I will propose in this and other articles are not meant be of any further explanation or just want to be detailed but simple descriptions to keep off a Gnu-Linux also people who have never heard of, d 'Besides, the blog you are now reading is dedicated to people who are new to this world for first time, and not the most experienced and savvy "geeks" command-line .....

Installing programs

- In a GNU-Linux programs come in two different ways:

1) "Source Files" to be filled and install the "proper" car.

- Pro: The program provides better performance because it completed the compilation process takes account of the processor and the hardware features of the machine on which it is installed.

- Cons: To compile programs on your machine, you need all the libraries of the programs and accessories that are needed to successfully build the executable program in object, you must also know what are the right options give the compiler to optimize the compilation process on your machine, often compile times are very long.

2) " prebuilt packages " downloadable from the special "repositories" in a standardized format through special programs will install automatically in all the files and the libraries necessary for the proper functioning of the program in question.

- Pro: You do not need any kind of computer knowledge, everything is resolved automatically and transparent to the user ', just a good Internet connection and you can install all the programs you want in seconds.

- Cons: To ensure that the "speed" on all types of hardware (processors) the package is pre-filled with a number of generic options that do not would certainly enhance the performance of the same. Some essential parts (additional kernel modules, new custom kernel & initrd.img) must still be completed locally.

-L ' extension of these "packages" varies according to Linux distributions that use it, and all debian derived systems (eg Ubuntu) uses. Deb and Red Hat, Mandriva, fedora, suse and several others use the. rpm, but there are also other less common formats (the. slackware tgz for eg.)

- There are now nearly every major distro , of graphical tools that reduce the installation process and / or uninstall a few mouse clicks. Synaptic, yum, urpmi, are some of the most used, are based on command-line tools like apt-get or rpm.