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The structure of directories in GNU-Linux ifconfig

When one draws close for the first time in GNU-Linux and a "peek" out of their "directory" or "folder" user (which is located inside the / home), you are faced with a "forest" of directories (or folders) often incomprehensible names and hiding who knows what mysteries "........

This explanation, which comes directly from the wikipedia page on 'argument, there should be some clear ideas about the function of all the directories and why many of those are not accessible to "normal users" (which most geeks Abusive call "utonti"!)

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Directory Structure on Unix-Linux
(Filesystem Hierarchy Standard)

Directory ............. Description

/ bin / .................... binaries for all users (eg, cat, ls, cp)
/ boot / .................. File Boot loader (eg, kernel, initrd)
/ dev / ................... File device (devices) (eg, / dev / null)
/ etc / .................... File System Configuration (from et cetera)
/ etc / opt / .............. configuration file / opt /
/ etc/X11 / ............. configuration file of the X Window System, Version 11
/ Etc / sgml / ............ Configuration files for SGML.
/ etc / xml / .............. Configuration files for XML.
/ home / ................ Folders contain personal information.
/ lib / ..................... Libraries essential for the binaries in / bin / and / sbin /
/ mnt / ................... temporarily mounted filesystem (obsolete in many distros).
/ media / ................ mounting locations of CD-ROMs and other devices (USB memory stick, etc.).
/ opt / .................... Packages static software.
/ proc / .................. virtual filesystem that shows status information about the kernel and active processes, mainly contain text files (eg, uptime, network)
/ root / ....... ........... Directory / home / user root.
/ sbin / .................. Executables for system administration (eg, init, route, ifup (system binaries)
/ tmp / .................. Temporary files.
/ srv / ................... specific data provided by the system (served).
/ usr / ................... Secondary hierarchy for data read-only and sharable (unix system resources). This directory was created to be shared between the host and not must contain specific data.
/ usr / bin / .............. As the / bin /.
/ usr / include / ......... File Header (by "embedding").
/ usr / lib / ................ As the directory / lib /.
/ usr / sbin / ............. As the folder / Sbin /.
/ usr / share / .......... data (shared) architecture independent.
/ usr / src / .............. source code (source code).
/ usr/X11R7 / ........ X Window System Version 11 * R * * 7 *. Elease
/ usr / local / ........... Third hierarchy for local data, specific to "this" host. Moreover,
rather confusingly, / usr / local is the location for packages that do not are part of the distribution, such as packages that are compiled and installed from source.
/ var / ................... File Variables such as database logs, web sites, temporary files and e-mail.
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http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filesystem_Hierarchy_Standard